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3 times is a charm
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Image by ellesmelle
after this incident www.flickr.com/photos/elleko/4773020458/ , i decided to do it again at another location.

around 5pm on 07/22/10, i entered the whole foods market located on the corner of California and Franklin in San Francisco. over the course of our interaction, the loss prevention personnel whom i dealt with (1) threatened to knock my teeth out by pressing me to the ground, (2) told the police over telephone that i was staggering while i remained sober and seated as directed, and both a female employee and the loss prevention personnel was present while he did so.

i put 2 yogurts and a prepared green salad in my bag. the greens were meant for the man who sells Street Sheets in front of the WFM on the corner of Folsom and 4th. i looked for packaging materials that do not have logos on them, and went with the tin foil at the prepared foods counter. this entire sequence took about 5 minutes. as i exit the store, a man and a female employee wearing a name tag approached me and asked that i step back inside the store. i verbally told him, ‘no.’
he said that he would have to put handcuffs on me if i didn’t just walk in with him.
i told him he should put the handcuffs on me.
he asked why.
i said, ‘so everyone can see.’
he put the handcuffs on me with my hands behind my back. he grabbed the cuffs. i draw the distinction because the guard was not just holding on to the cuffs, there were pushing and jerking actions which caused me to wobble as i walked and appear to be resisting him when he was pushing and jerking me around with my hands behind my back. i did not physically resist him.

as we walk back into the store, i repeated the following at a high volume (but not screaming of course, i was orating loudly.)

"AS YOU GO HOME AND FEED YOUR CHILDREN AND FAMILY TONIGHT, WHO’S GOING TO FEED THE HUNGRY? IT’S NOT HAPPENING ELSEWHERE, THERE ARE MILLIONS OF STARVING CHILDREN AND PEOPLE RIGHT HERE IN AMERICA."

as i was talking, the security guard said, "you’re not going to be talking in a minute when you don’t have no teeth."
"what?" i asked.
"cuz i’m going to drop you to the floor and all your teeth will get knocked out." he said.
"i’m not resisting you, i am just exercising my freedom of speech." said me.

i kept repeating it until they got me to the back of the store, behind the fish counter. we went up the stairs to the office overlooking the floor.

they put me in a swivel chair near the stairs leading up to the office. both the loss prevention personnel and the female employee who came outside with him are present. one of the first things he told me was that i am not allowed to be at that whole foods or any other whole foods. i said i know, and like i really want to go back to a whole foods. the loss prevention personnel mentioned the police and i asked if they were coming. he said that they had called the police.

he asked me why i was doing this, i told them. i was taking the greens to a guy i know who likes greens, he doesn’t have the means to clothe, feed, and put a roof over his head even though he works all day, so i intended to help him. as for the yogurt, that’s for people who ask for food and who are without teeth or have teeth problems. (this is true, lots of people asking for stuff complain about teeth problems or not having teeth. they like yogurt and fruit cups. soup is good, too, but they don’t like it quite as much as fruit cups and yogurt.)
the loss prevention personnel says something to the effect of what right do they have to be picky when they’re begging?

well, everyone has the right to choose their foods, of course. you’re not suppose to eat jolly ranchers to forget about hunger when you need protein.

but i said the most obvious thing to him, "they have no teeth."

they asked if i was remourseful. i said,
"what are you, japanese?"
he also asked if i ‘believe in god,’ i said i was not religious. he is to repeat this. it is apparent that he had Christianity on his mind. at one point he asked loudly as if mocking me "you don’t believe in a God?" there were further verbal attempts at breaching my personal boundaries, as will be described later in this piece.

i told them to call the police; this is because i don’t like being in custody of a private business because at least the police’s actions are restricted by the law. i told the loss prevention personnel this.

the security or loss prevention personnel was required to have a female employee present. that was the function of the employee who accompanied him outside. she remains sitting around having lunch.
he was a chatty fellow and made a lot of conversation, he told me that this was his second day at this location. i entertained him to be polite while i sat in handcuffs.

i asked them at first how much they made, 18/ hour? are they up to 23 yet? getting benefits? they were surprised at the questions. everyone knows how much entry level employees get paid, and these guys working at the storefront were never going to get above that wage at their glass-ceiling-limited dead end jobs.

they asked if i worked alone or if there as a group. i said there’s a group of me. i work alone, duh.
did i only do this at only this store. i said that the actions of whole foods has proven itself time and time again.
he asked if i had been caught before. i said yes, 3 times at 2 different whole foods, 2x at the one on folsom and 4th and once at the one on potrero hill. he says, "then you have priors."
"i have no priors." i said.
then i told them about how my case got dismissed.
(this is how: www.flickr.com/photos/elleko/sets/72157622315956721/ )
i alo told them that i did this all over the world: in Japan and in France.

the loss prevention guy began to joke that i should be telling the truth.
a half hour later the police still has not arrived. the security guy began to get confused and i can tell because he was not keeping track of all of his conversations (losing his composure.) the girl who was sitting with us had to leave work. he explains to me that someone else has to present such that i can’t accuse him of doing something if i got hurt. i said to him, "yeah, you’re like a doctor." the security personnel was visibly nervous. i told him to calm down.

another female employee came to replace the previous one. this is a mature-looking lady who wore canvas shoes. i asked for some water and she fed it to me very courteously. i apologized to her for keeping her from getting off work.

he asked me again why i had to make him pull out the handcuffs, it could have been discreet. i said, "why would i want it to be discreet?"
the lady interjected, "it’s part of her message."
the security personnel will go on to asking me this again. he does not understand but apparently everyone else in the office did. a few of them came around to have a look at me.

he told me that i am not allowed to be at that whole foods or any other whole foods

the security personnel started to tell stories about his previous encounters on the job with this employee.

he asked me again why i did this. i said that this company in particular (wfm) had changed the organics industry. i asked the lady,
"what is usda organic now? 70% organic and it is considered USDA organic." she didn’t say anything. i said that because of this mass production that this company perpetuates, because their ambition to dominate the organics industry, the term organic no longer carries that meaning of care in production. people have to get more specific and say it’s sustainable farming or tell you what kind of feed they use. whole foods has much to do with this coming to pass.

after a while, i began to do yoga as my back was starting to bother me after all the walking i had done. this is now about 45 minutes after they had taken me to the back of the store. i began with my feet on the ground and breathing to expand my abdominal cavity so my spine would straighten. i closed my eyes and expanded my lungs fully. at this point, again, the loss prevention personnel began talking to me. he said asked if i was religious, and i said i am not. he said, "well, you’re praying to someone."
i said, "i wish on myself."
the guard began speaking over me as i said this. this is a common trick salespeople and street thugs like to use to assert authority over someone in front of others. i have encountered this so much in life, i no longer respond to it instinctively.
then he said to me that i am not allowed at this whole foods or any other whole foods. with my eyes still closed, i told him,
"i’ll be sure not to do it in santa monica."
"any whole foods." he said.
"i won’t do it there because they used to have security guards there that carried semiautomatic weapons. i definitely don’t want a gun in my face."

he stopped talking to me and resumed speaking to the female employee.

i felt the tightness in my hips and sat with my legs crossed, each ankle stacked on top of the opposite knee and bent over my legs while i was in the chair. the loss prevention personnel began to get nervous and told me to stop. i was holding my pose and ignored him at first, he began to repeat this. i told him that if he would stop disturbing me while i was doing yoga i wouldn’t fall. i did both sides and did another pose. this is also with legs crossed, but the knees are stacked. you also bend over your knees while you do this. the security personnel kept telling me to stop. (these are very good exercises for loosening the hips, btw.)

while i was still doing yoga in my chair, the security guy called the police again to ask for their eta.

i came out of my pose and was done. the security personnel was still on the phone. over the phone, the security personnel said to the operator that i had started to ‘stagger’ and for them to hurry.
i said, "what are you, lying to the cops now? i’m not staggering. i’m doing yoga. you’re going to get yourself into trouble." i also told him that i didn’t fall despite of him disturbing me, everyone knows that you don’t disturb someone while they are doing yoga.

he corrected himself and said to the operator i was doing yoga.

he avoided talking to me further. the lady told me that doing breathing exercises will help with the back, i told her that i was doing that at first but then realized that it was related to my hips.

i sat with them and waited for another half hour or so. the police arrived about 1.5 hours after the store had taken me into their back office.

the police officers took statements from the store’s employees. after some conversation, they told me that i had a right to make a statement. i said i’d like to but they didn’t hear me say so. the security personnel was hoping i was a celebrity or something. he said to the police officers that i was targeting whole foods. the officers laughed and smiled and started to banter with me.

they got me a ticket (pictured,) and i headed back for Brent’s down California St.

someone carrying a Whole Foods bag caught up to me to have a conversation with me. this also happened at the Folsom and 4th location. this is the ticket from that time:
www.flickr.com/photos/elleko/4773020458/
that time, when the police left, another person carrying a Whole Foods bag who said that they used to be employees for WFM caught up to me as i left the store and we spoke at length. he has a Caribbean accent, said that he did some programming, and that he was from Maryland. i invited him to the local hacker space (noisebridge,) but i failed to meet up with him, but i told my friend to be on the look out for him and to give him a tour if he should arrive.
i gave each of them my contact info.

i had a conversation with this person. we walked up the hill toward Grace Cathedral. i invited him to continue speaking to me because i was on a roll. he agreed. so i brought him to the side courtyard of the Grace and we spoken at length. we spoke about religion and philosophy and all sorts of stuff. i told him how i had declared myself the mcQueen. i also told him about my activities at the Levi’s storefront on Valencia, which created security jobs that consisted of 10 hour days with no breaks at /hour, i learned this from the first security guy they hired to watch the entire street when the police station is like 200 ft away. (the security guard is a guy from Brooklyn who is a drug recovery psychologist. he thanked me for creating his job. at which point i said to him: 10 hour days with no breaks, is that even legal? the security company is getting for you. in the state of California, anything beyond an 8 hour work day is overtime. for an 8 hour shift, you get a 30 minutes meal and a 15 minute break. if there is overtime, you get more breaks. i told that guy everything, too, and he said i have the potential to become a really important psychologist. i said to him that i need to be more effective, that’s why i am an artist.)

edit: 10/2009
the result

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MEDFLAG 2009 – Mass Casualty Scenario – United States Army Africa – 090806-F-8133W109
abdominal exercise

Image by US Army Africa
www.usaraf.army.mil

Swazi soldiers participate in mass casualty scenario

By Staff Sgt. Lesley Waters
CJTF-HOA Public Affairs

MANZINI, Swaziland (August 6, 2009) – Umbutfo Swaziland Defence Force (USDF) soldiers showcased the skills they learned during three-days of classroom training to USDF and U.S. military leaders, as well as members from the U.S. embassy during a mass casualty scenario here, Aug. 6.

The mass casualty scenario was part of exercise MEDFLAG 09, a joint and combined military exercise conducted by U.S. Army Africa (USARAF) which supports the AFRICOM commander’s Theater Security Cooperation (TSC) strategy wherein U.S. military send medical capabilities to African countries.

“It is very important for our U.S. service members to foster relationships with the Swazi soldiers and villagers from the surrounding communities,” said MEDFLAG Co-director Army Lt. Col. Michael Money. “It is a give and take relationship; we provide our skills sets to the USDF and in turn, it is also valuable for our folks to learn from our counterparts and take that knowledge back with us to the states.”

As part of the scenario, USDF soldiers were on patrol in the local area and responded to a simulated vehicle crash. The soldiers and Swazi medical members arrived on scene where several U.S. service members, posing as injured victims, lied on the ground with various degrees of injuries. The USDF and medical team were evaluated on how they approached an accident scene, setting up a triage location, administering basic life-saving steps, applying bandages and tourniquets, carrying injured victims and evacuating the injured from the scene.

“The USDF soldiers and medical staff did an exceptional job,” said Army Sgt. Terry Draper, 212th Combat Support Hospital medic and MEDFLAG first responder familiarization instructor. “It was great to see the successful culmination from the three days of classroom training we provided to them.”

Some of the simulated injuries included head trauma, sucking chest wound, severed arm, abdominal injuries, first degree burns, broken leg, broken arm and a casualty.

MEDFLAG 09 exercise is still scheduled to provide humanitarian and civic assistance (HCA) events, to include medical, dental and veterinary assistance to the people of Swaziland.

The U.S. service members are in Swaziland at the invitation of the Swazi government and in coordination with the U.S. Embassy in Mbabane and will remain in Swaziland for the duration of the exercise. Upon completion of the exercise, the U.S. service members will return to their home stations.

This image is cleared for public release and generally considered in the public domain. Request credit be given to the individual photographer and Department of the Army.

To learn more about US Army Africa, visit us online at: Official Website

CAPTION: U.S. service members participated as victims in a simulated vehicle crash in the mass casualty (MASCAL) scenario while Umbutfo Swaziland Defence Force (USDF) soldiers conduct a sweep of the accident scene looking for the injured as part of the two-week MEDFLAG 09 exercise at the USDF Headquarters parade grounds, Aug. 6. The U.S. service members are in Swaziland at the invitation of the Swazi government and in coordination with the U.S. Embassy in Mbabane. MEDFLAG is a joint and combined military exercise between the USDF and U.S. Army Africa that supports the U.S. Africa Command (USAFRICOM) commander’s Theater Security Cooperation (TSC) strategy wherein U.S. sends medical capabilities to African countries. (Photo by Air Force Staff Sgt. Lesley Waters)

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Andrew Jackson

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Andrew Jackson
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Andrew Jackson in Layfayette Square

Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767– June 8, 1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), first governor of Florida (1821), general of the Battle of New Orleans (1815), a co-founder of the Democratic Party, and the eponym of the era of Jacksonian democracy. He was a polarizing figure who helped shape the Second Party System of American politics in the 1820s and 1830s.

Nicknamed "Old Hickory," because he was known for his toughness, Jackson was the first President primarily associated with the American frontier (although born in South Carolina, he spent most of his life in Tennessee).

Jackson was born in a backwoods settlement to Presbyterian Scots-Irish immigrants in Lancaster County, South Carolina, on March 15, 1767. He was the youngest of three brothers and was born just a few weeks after his father’s death. Both North Carolina and South Carolina have claimed Jackson as a "native son," because the community straddled the state line, and a cousin later claimed that Jackson was born on the North Carolina side. Jackson himself always stated that he was born in a cabin on the South Carolina side, a fact which historians accept, since he presumably was repeating the recollections of his mother and others in the immediate family. He received a sporadic education. At age thirteen, he joined the Continental Army as a courier. He was captured and imprisoned by the British during the American Revolutionary War. Jackson was the last U.S. President to have been a veteran of the American Revolution, and the only President to have been a prisoner of war. The war took the lives of Jackson’s entire immediate family.

Andrew and his brother Robert Jackson were taken as prisoners, and they nearly starved to death. When Andrew refused to clean the boots of a British officer, the irate redcoat slashed at him, giving him scars on his left hand and head, as well as an intense hatred for the British. Both of them contracted small pox while imprisoned, and Robert died days after their release. In addition, another of Jackson’s brothers and his mother—his entire remaining family—died from war-time hardships that Jackson also blamed upon the British. This anglophobia would help to inspire a distrust and dislike of Eastern "aristocrats", whom Jackson felt were too inclined to favor and emulate their former colonial "masters". Jackson admired Napoleon Bonaparte for his willingness to contest British military supremacy.

Jackson came to Tennessee by 1787. Though he barely read law, he found he knew enough to become a young lawyer on the frontier. Since he was not from a distinguished family, he had to make his career by his own merits; and soon he began to prosper in the rough-and-tumble world of frontier law. Most of the actions grew out of disputed land-claims, or from assaults and battery. He was elected as Tennessee’s first Congressman, upon its statehood in the late 1790s, and quickly became a U.S. Senator in 1797 but resigned within a year. In 1798, he was appointed judge on the Tennessee Supreme Court.

Jackson became a colonel in the Tennessee militia, which he had led since the beginning of his military career in 1801. In 1813, Northern Creek Band chieftain Peter McQueen massacred 400 men, women, and children at Fort Mims (in what is now Alabama). Jackson commanded in the campaign against the Northern Creek Indians of Alabama and Georgia, also known as the "Red Sticks". Creek leaders such as William Weatherford (Red Eagle), Peter McQueen, and Menawa, who had been allies of the British during the War of 1812, violently clashed with other chiefs of the Creek Nation over white encroachment on Creek lands and the "civilizing" programs administered by U.S. Indian Agent Benjamin Hawkins. In the Creek War, a theatre of the War of 1812, Jackson defeated the Red Stick Creeks at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. Jackson was aided by members of the Southern Creek Indian Band, who had requested Jackson’s aid in putting down what they considered to be the "rebellious" Red Sticks, and some Cherokee Indians, who also sided with the Americans. 800 Northern Creek Band "Red Sticks" Indians were killed in the battle. Jackson spared Weatherford’s life from any acts of vengeance. Sam Houston and David Crockett, later to become famous themselves in Texas, served under Jackson at this time. Following the victory, Jackson imposed the Treaty of Fort Jackson upon both his Northern Creek enemy and Southern Creek allies, wresting 20 million acres (81,000 km²) from all Creeks for white settlement.

Jackson’s service in the War of 1812 was conspicuous for its bravery and success. He was a strict officer, but was popular with his troops. It was said he was "tough as old hickory" wood on the battlefield, which gave him his nickname. The war, and particularly his command at the Battle of New Orleans on January 8, 1815, made his national reputation. He advanced in rank to Major General. In the battle, Jackson’s 6,000 militiamen behind barricades of cotton bales opposed 12,000 British regulars marching across an open field, led by General Edward Pakenham. The battle was a total American victory. The British had over 2,000 casualties to Jackson’s 8 killed and 58 wounded or missing.

Jackson served in the military again during the First Seminole War when he was ordered by President James Monroe in December 1817[to lead a campaign in Georgia against the Seminole and Creek Indians. Jackson was also charged with preventing Spanish Florida from becoming a refuge for runaway slaves. Critics later alleged that Jackson exceeded orders in his Florida actions, but Monroe and the public wanted Florida. Before going, Jackson wrote to Monroe, "Let it be signified to me through any channel... that the possession of the Floridas would be desirable to the United States, and in sixty days it will be accomplished." Monroe gave Jackson orders that were purposely ambiguous, sufficient for international denials.

Jackson's Tennessee volunteers were attacked by Seminoles, but this left their villages vulnerable, and Jackson burned them and their crops. He found letters that indicated that the Spanish and British were "secretly" assisting the Indians. Jackson believed that the United States would not be "secure" as long as Spain and Great Britain encouraged American Indians to fight and argued that his actions were undertaken in "self-defense". Jackson captured Pensacola, Florida with little more than some warning shots and deposed the Spanish governor. He illegally tried, and then captured and executed two British subjects, Robert Ambrister and Alexander Arbuthnot who had been supplying and advising the Indians. Jackson's action also struck fear into the Seminole tribes as word of his ruthlessness in battle spread.

This also created an international incident, and many in the Monroe administration called for Jackson to be censured. However, Jackson's actions were defended by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams. When the Spanish minister demanded a "suitable punishment" for Jackson, Adams wrote back "Spain must immediately [decide] either to place a force in Florida adequate at once to the protection of her territory, … or cede to the United States a province, of which she retains nothing but the nominal possession, but which is, in fact, … a post of annoyance to them." Adams used Jackson’s conquest, and Spain’s own "weaknesses", to convince the Spanish (in the Adams-Onís Treaty) to cede Florida to the United States. Jackson was subsequently named its territorial governor.

During his first run for the Presidency in 1824, Jackson received a plurality of both the popular and electoral votes. Since no candidate received a majority, the election decision was given to the House of Representatives, which chose John Quincy Adams. Jackson denounced it as a "corrupt bargain" because Henry Clay gave his votes to Adams, who then made Clay secretary of state. Jackson later called for abolishing the Electoral College. Jackson’s defeat burnished his political credentials, however, since many voters believed the "man of the people" had been robbed by the "corrupt aristocrats of the East".

One of Jackson’s enemies, Albert Gallatin, who was a vice presidential candidate in 1824, saw Jackson as "an honest man and the idol of the worshippers of military glory, but from incapacity, military habits, and habitual disregard of laws and constitutional provisions, altogether unfit for the office."

According to Daniel Webster, Thomas Jefferson in retirement said of Jackson in December of 1824 during a meeting with Webster:

"I feel much alarmed at the prospect of seeing General Jackson President. He is one of the most unfit men I know of for such a place. He has had very little respect for laws or constitutions, and is, in fact, an able military chief. His passions are terrible. When I was President of the Senate he was a Senator; and he could never speak on account of the rashness of his feelings. I have seen him attempt it repeatedly, and as often choke with rage. His passions are no doubt cooler now; he has been much tried since I knew him, but he is a dangerous man."

Jackson allied himself with John C. Calhoun; together they built a coalition that defeated the reelection of John Quincy Adams in 1828. His supporters called themselves "Jackson Men."

Jackson is credited for introducing the "spoils system", or "patronage", to American politics. The term "spoils system" was introduced in 1832 by Senator William L. Marcy of New York, who proclaimed, "To the victor belong the spoils."

"Although Jackson dismissed far fewer government employees than most of his contemporaries imagined and although he did not originate the spoils system, he made more sweeping changes in the Federal bureaucracy than had any of his predecessors. What is even more significant is that he defended these changes as a positive good. At present when the use of political patronage is generally considered an obstacle to good government, it is worth remembering that Jackson and his followers invariably described rotation in public office as a "reform." In this sense the spoils system was more than a way to reward Jackson’s friends and punish his enemies; it was also a device for removing from public office the representatives of minority political groups that Jackson insisted had been made corrupt by their long tenure."

As president, Jackson worked to take away the federal charter of the Second Bank of the United States (it would continue to exist as a state bank). The second Bank had been authorized, during James Madison’s tenure in 1816, for a 20 year period. Jackson opposed the national bank concept on ideological grounds. In Jackson’s veto message, the bank needed to be abolished because:

it concentrated an excessive amount of the nation’s financial strength into a single institution

it exposed the government to control by "foreign interests"

it exercised too much control over members of the Congress

it favored Northeastern states over Southern and Western states

Jackson followed Jefferson as a supporter of the ideal of an "agricultural republic" and felt the bank improved the fortunes of an "elite circle" of commercial and industrial entrepreneurs at the expense of farmers and laborers. After a titanic struggle, Jackson succeeded in destroying the bank by vetoing its 1832 re-charter by Congress and by withdrawing U.S. funds in 1833. The bank’s money-lending functions were taken over by the legions of local and state banks that sprang up feeding an expansion of credit and speculation; the commercial progress of the nation’s economy was noticeably dented by the resulting failures.

The U.S. Senate censured Jackson on March 27, 1834 for his actions in defunding the Bank of the United States; the censure was later expunged when the Jacksonians had a majority in the Senate.

Andrew Jackson is depicted on the U.S. bill.Another notable crisis during Jackson’s period of office was the "nullification crisis", or "secession crisis", of 1828–1832, which merged issues of sectional strife with disagreements over tariffs. Critics alleged that high tariffs (the "Tariff of Abominations") on imports of common manufactured goods made in Europe made those goods more expensive than ones from the northern U.S., thus raising the prices paid by planters in the southern U.S. Southern politicians thus argued that tariffs benefited northern industrialists at the expense of southern farmers.

The issue came to a head when Vice President John C. Calhoun, in the South Carolina Exposition and Protest of 1828, supported the claim of his home state, South Carolina, that it had the right to "nullify"—declare illegal—the tariff legislation of 1828, and more generally the right of a state to nullify any Federal laws which went against its interests. Although Jackson sympathized with the South in the tariff debate, he was also a strong supporter of a strong union, with considerable powers for the central government. Jackson attempted to face Calhoun down over the issue, which developed into a bitter rivalry between the two men. Particularly famous was an incident at the April 13, 1829 Jefferson Day dinner, involving after-dinner toasts. Jackson rose first and voice booming, and glaring at Calhoun, yelled out "Our federal Union: IT MUST BE PRESERVED!", a clear challenge to Calhoun. Calhoun glared at Jackson and yelled out, his voice trembling, but booming as well, "The Union: NEXT TO OUR LIBERTY, MOST DEAR!"

In response to South Carolina’s threat, Congress passed a "Force Bill" in 1833, and Jackson vowed to send troops to South Carolina in order to enforce the laws. In December 1832, he issued a resounding proclamation against the "nullifiers", stating: "I consider…the power to annul a law of the United States, assumed by one State, incompatible with the existence of the Union, contradicted expressly by the letter of the Constitution, unauthorized by its spirit, inconsistent with every principle on which it was founded, and destructive of the great object for which it was formed." [citation needed] South Carolina, the President declared, stood on "the brink of insurrection and treason," [citation needed] and he appealed to the people of the state to reassert their allegiance to that Union for which their ancestors had fought. Jackson also denied the right of secession: "The Constitution…forms a government not a league…. To say that any State may at pleasure secede from the Union is to say that the United States is not a nation."

The crisis was resolved when Jackson sent warships to Charleston, South Carolina and enforced Congress acts through the Force Bill. Tariffs gradually lowered until 1842.

Perhaps the most controversial aspect of Andrew Jackson’s presidency was his policy regarding American Indians. Jackson was a leading advocate of a policy known as "Indian Removal", signing the Indian Removal Act into law in 1830. The Removal Act did not order the removal of any American Indians; it authorized the President to negotiate treaties to purchase tribal lands in the east in exchange for lands further west, outside of existing U.S. state borders. According to biographer Robert V. Remini, Jackson promoted this policy primarily for reasons of national security, seeing that Great Britain and Spain had recruited Native Americans within U.S. borders in previous wars with the United States. According to historian Anthony Wallace, Jackson never publicly advocated removing American Indians by force. Instead, Jackson made the negotiation of treaties priority: nearly seventy Indian treaties—many of them land sales—were ratified during his presidency, more than in any other administration.

The Removal Act was especially popular in the South, where population growth and the discovery of gold on Cherokee land had increased pressure on tribal lands. The state of Georgia became involved in a contentious jurisdictional dispute with the Cherokees, culminating in the 1832 U.S. Supreme Court decision (Worcester v. Georgia) that ruled that Georgia could not impose its laws upon Cherokee tribal lands. About this case, Jackson is often quoted as having said, "John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!" Jackson probably never said this; the popular story that Jackson defied the Supreme Court in carrying out Indian Removal is untrue.

Instead, Jackson used the Georgia crisis to pressure Cherokee leaders to sign a removal treaty. A faction of Cherokees led by Jackson’s old ally Major Ridge negotiated the Treaty of New Echota with Jackson’s administration, a document of dubious legality which was rejected by most Cherokees. However, the terms of the treaty were strictly enforced by Jackson’s successor, Martin Van Buren, which resulted in the deaths of thousands of Cherokees along the "Trail of Tears".

In all, more than 45,000 American Indians were relocated to the West during Jackson’s administration. During this time, the administration purchased about 100 million acres of Indian land for about million and 32 million acres of western land. Though the relocation process was generally popular with the American people at the time, it resulted in much suffering and death among American Indians. Jackson was criticized at the time for his role in these events, and the criticism has grown over the years. Robert Remini characterizes the Indian Removal era as "one of the unhappiest chapters in American history".

On January 30, 1835 an unsuccessful attack occurred in the United States Capitol Building; it was the first assassination attempt made against an American President. One Richard Lawrence approached Jackson and fired two pistols, which both misfired. Lawrence was later found to be mentally ill.

Major Presidential Acts:
Was the first and only president to date to eliminate the nation’s debt
Signed Indian Removal Act of 1830
Vetoed renewal of Second Bank of the United States (1832)
Signed Force Bill of 1833
Executive Order: Specie Circular (1836)

(1844/1845)Jackson met Rachel after her first husband, Colonel Lewis Robards, left her to get a divorce. They fell in love and quickly married. Robards returned two years later without ever having obtained a divorce. Rachel quickly divorced her first husband and then legally married Jackson. This remained a sore point for Jackson who deeply resented attacks on his wife’s honor. Jackson fought 103 duels, many nominally over his wife’s honor. Charles Dickinson, the only man Jackson ever killed in a duel, had been goaded into angering Jackson by Jackson’s political opponents. Nominally fought over a horse-racing debt and an insult to his wife on May 30, 1806, Dickinson shot Jackson in the ribs before Jackson returned the fatal shot. The bullet that struck Jackson was so close to his heart that it could never be safely removed. Jackson had been wounded so frequently in duels that it was said he "rattled like a bag of marbles." . At times he would cough up blood, and he experienced considerable pain from his wounds for the rest of his life.

Rachel died of an unknown cause two months prior to Jackson taking office as President. Jackson blamed John Quincy Adams for Rachel’s death because the marital scandal was brought up in the election of 1828. He felt that this had hastened her death and never forgave Adams.

Jackson had two adopted sons, Andrew Jackson Jr., the son of Rachel’s brother Severn Donelson, and Lyncoya, a Creek Indian orphan adopted by Jackson after the Creek War. Lyncoya died in 1828 at age 16, probably from pneumonia or tuberculosis.

The Jacksons also acted as guardians for eight other children. John Samuel Donelson, Daniel Donelson, and Andrew Jackson Donelson were the sons of Rachel’s brother Samuel Donelson who died in 1804. Andrew Jackson Hutchings was Rachel’s orphaned grand nephew. Caroline Butler, Eliza Butler, Edward Butler, and Anthony Butler were the orphaned children of Edward Butler, a family friend. They came to live with the Jacksons after the death of their father.

The widower Jackson invited Rachel’s niece Emily Donelson to act as his White House hostess and unofficial First Lady. Emily was married to Andrew Jackson Donelson, who acted as Jackson’s private secretary. The relationship between the President and Emily became strained during the Petticoat Affair, and the two became estranged for over a year. They eventually reconciled and she resumed her duties as White House hostess. Sarah Yorke Jackson, the wife of Andrew Jackson Jr., became co-hostess of the White House in 1834. It was the only time in history when two women simultaneously acted as unofficial First Lady. Sarah took over all hostess duties after Emily died from tuberculosis in 1836.

Jackson remained influential in both national and state politics after retiring to "The Hermitage", his Nashville home, in 1837. Though a slave-holder, Jackson was a firm advocate of the federal union of the states, and declined to give any support to talk of secession.

Jackson was a lean figure standing at 6 feet, 1 inch (1.85 m) tall, and weighing between 130 and 140 pounds (64 kg) on average. Jackson also had an unruly shock of red hair, which had completely grayed by the time he became president at age 61. He had penetrating deep blue eyes. Jackson was one of the more sickly presidents, suffering from chronic headaches, abdominal pains, and a hacking cough that often brought up blood and sometimes even made his whole body shake. After retiring to Nashville, he enjoyed eight years of retirement and died at the Hermitage on June 8, 1845 at the age of 78, of chronic tuberculosis, "dropsy" and heart failure. His last words were: "Oh, do not cry. Be good children, and we shall all meet in Heaven."

In his will, Jackson left his entire estate to his adopted son, Andrew Jackson Jr., except for specifically enumerated items that were left to various other friends and family members. Jackson left several slaves to his daughter-in-law and grandchildren. Jackson left a sword to his grandson, with the injunction, "that he will always use it in defence of our glorious Union."

Memorials to Jackson include a set of three identical equestrian statues located in different parts of the country. One is in Jackson Square in New Orleans, Louisiana. Another is in Nashville on the grounds of the Tennessee State Capitol. The other is in Washington, D.C. near the White House.

Jackson Square in New Orleans.Numerous counties and cities are named after him, including Jacksonville, Florida, Jackson, Michigan, Jackson, Mississippi, Jackson, Tennessee, Jackson County, Florida, and Jackson County, Missouri.

Jackson’s portrait appears on the American twenty dollar bill. He has appeared on , , , and ,000 bills in the past, as well as a Confederate ,000 bill.

Jackson’s image is on the Blackjack postage stamp

The story of Andrew and Rachel Jackson’s life together was told in Irving Stone’s best-selling 1951 novel The President’s Lady, which was made into the 1953 film of the same title, starring Susan Hayward, Charlton Heston, John McIntire, and Carl Betz and directed by Henry Levin. The relationship between the two was also the basis of a successful documentary by the Public Broadcasting Service, called Rachel and Andrew Jackson: A Love Story.

Heston played Jackson in the 1958 version of The Buccaneer, a film about the role of pirate Jean Lafitte in the Battle of New Orleans. Hugh Sothern played Jackson in the original 1938 version of the film.

During Jackson’s Administration, the U.S Government was, for the first time, debt free.

During the 1828 election, his opponents referred to him as a "Jackass". Jackson liked the name and used the jackass as a symbol for a while, but it died out. However, it later became the symbol for the Democratic Party.

Andrew Jackson has been said (probably without foundation) to be the creator of the term "OK", which came into currency towards the end of his life. It is supposedly his abbreviation for "Oll Korrect" (a humorous or illiterate spelling of "all correct"); he may also have known the similar Choctaw word. See Okay.

Andrew Jackson was the first president to be born in a log cabin. He also was the first president to ride a railroad train while in office.

Andrew Jackson had a parrot named Poll, who was taught to speak both English and Spanish. Poll reportedly had to be removed from Jackson’s funeral because the bird was cursing in both languages.

White House historians assert that Jackson held an open house party where a 1,400 pound (635 kg) wheel of cheddar cheese was served as refreshment. The cheese was consumed in two hours.

Core : Form Studio
abdominal exercise

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Margot Gray
Core Form Pilates
512 E. 9th St.
785-760-2333
mlgme@aol.com

Margot Gray is a Pilates instructor certified through the Physicalmind Institute. She provides private lessons for one or two people in a quiet environment and with much personal attention. Through Pilates exercises, one can coordinate the mind, body, and breath to develop sleek and functionally strong abdominal muscles, a strong and supple back, and alignment of the shoulder girdle. The exercises can be performed on the floor or on specialized equipment.

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Explode Workout

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Explode Workout is a unique training style using explosive movement.
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[wprebay kw="abdominal+workout" num="2" ebcat="-1"] [wprebay kw="abdominal+workout" num="3" ebcat="-1"]

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MEDFLAG 2009 – Mass Casualty Scenario – United States Army Africa – 090806-F-8133W072

A few nice abdominal exercise images I found:

MEDFLAG 2009 – Mass Casualty Scenario – United States Army Africa – 090806-F-8133W072
abdominal exercise

Image by US Army Africa
CAPTION: Umbutfo Swaziland Defence Force (USDF) soldiers conduct an inspection prior to the mass casualty (MASCAL) scenario as part of the two-week MEDFLAG 09 exercise at the Umbutfo Swaziland Defence Force Headquarters parade grounds, Aug. 6. www.usaraf.army.mil